MOTS-c: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 4 → 5·09:05, 5 Jan 2025
Difference between revision 4 and revision 5 of MOTS-c. 4 lines changed; the page grew by 558 bytes.
| Revision 4 — 12:39, 22 Dec 2024 QuietQuill (talk) add the molecular weight, calculated from the sequence and stated as such 2,051 bytes ±0 | Revision 5 — 09:05, 5 Jan 2025 BPC_Bramwell (talk) correct the residue numbering — the source numbers from the mature peptide 2,609 bytes +558 | ||
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| 11 | Its proposed physiological role is as a signal from mitochondria to the rest of the cell and to distant tissues, influencing metabolic homeostasis. In rodent work it has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity and to protect against diet-induced obesity, through effects converging on AMP-activated protein kinase.{{r|lee2015}} | 11 | Its proposed physiological role is as a signal from mitochondria to the rest of the cell and to distant tissues, influencing metabolic homeostasis. In rodent work it has been reported to improve insulin sensitivity and to protect against diet-induced obesity, through effects converging on AMP-activated protein kinase.{{r|lee2015}} |
| 12 | 12 | ||
| + | 13 | Human evidence is very limited. Circulating concentrations have been measured and associated with metabolic phenotypes in observational studies, and controlled interventional data are sparse.{{r|kim2018}} | |
| + | 14 | ||
| 13 | == Origin and identification == | 15 | == Origin and identification == |
| 14 | The mitochondrial genome was long thought to encode only 13 proteins, all components of the respiratory chain. Short open reading frames within mitochondrial ribosomal RNA genes were subsequently found to encode small peptides, of which humanin was the first and MOTS-c one of the better characterised.{{r|lee2015}} | 16 | The mitochondrial genome was long thought to encode only 13 proteins, all components of the respiratory chain. Short open reading frames within mitochondrial ribosomal RNA genes were subsequently found to encode small peptides, of which humanin was the first and MOTS-c one of the better characterised.{{r|lee2015}} |
| 15 | 17 | ||
| 16 | The genomic origin has a practical consequence: mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited and accumulates variants differently from nuclear DNA, so polymorphism in these peptides follows mitochondrial haplogroup rather than ordinary Mendelian patterns.{{r|kim2018}} | 18 | The genomic origin has a practical consequence: mitochondrial DNA is maternally inherited and accumulates variants differently from nuclear DNA, so polymorphism in these peptides follows mitochondrial haplogroup rather than ordinary Mendelian patterns.{{r|kim2018}} |
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| + | 20 | Detection and quantification are analytically demanding. Short peptides at low circulating concentration require sensitive and specific methods, and reported concentrations differ between studies using different assays — the same caution that applies to any peptide immunoassay. See [[Proglucagon]] for a worked example of the problem.{{r|kim2018}} | |
| 17 | 21 | ||
| 18 | == References == | 22 | == References == |