Solid-phase peptide synthesis: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 20 → 21·22:39, 14 Mar 2025
Difference between revision 20 and revision 21 of Solid-phase peptide synthesis. 6 lines changed; the page grew by 797 bytes.
| Revision 20 — 15:14, 20 Feb 2025 BlankVialBo (talk) attribute the stability figure to the study and its duration 4,279 bytes ±0 | Revision 21 — 22:39, 14 Mar 2025 MissedDoseMik (talk) space between number and unit per PP:MOS 5,076 bytes +797 | ||
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| 38 | Racemisation is a separate risk, concentrated at histidine and cysteine and at any residue activated for too long before coupling. It is invisible to [[Mass spectrometry|mass spectrometry]], since the epimer is isobaric, and requires a chiral method to detect.{{r|behrendt2016}} | 38 | Racemisation is a separate risk, concentrated at histidine and cysteine and at any residue activated for too long before coupling. It is invisible to [[Mass spectrometry|mass spectrometry]], since the epimer is isobaric, and requires a chiral method to detect.{{r|behrendt2016}} |
| 39 | 39 | ||
| + | 40 | == Scale and its limits == | |
| + | 41 | SPPS scales from milligrams to hundreds of kilograms, but not linearly in cost. Reagent excess is the operating principle, so consumption scales with mass and with sequence length simultaneously, and solvent volumes at manufacturing scale are the dominant environmental and economic burden.{{r|behrendt2016}} | |
| + | 42 | ||
| + | 43 | For long sequences a fully stepwise synthesis becomes impractical and fragment condensation is used: shorter segments are made on solid phase, cleaved, purified by chromatography, and joined in solution.{{r|usp621}} This adds purification steps but recovers yield by removing deletion sequences before they can accumulate. See [[Liquid-phase peptide synthesis]]. | |
| + | 44 | ||
| 40 | == References == | 45 | == References == |
| 41 | {{reflist}} | 46 | {{reflist}} |
| ⋮ | ⋮ | ||
| 43 | <ref name="behrendt2016">Behrendt R, White P, Offer J. "Advances in Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis." ''Journal of Peptide Science'' 22(1):4–27 (2016). PMID 26785684.</ref> | 48 | <ref name="behrendt2016">Behrendt R, White P, Offer J. "Advances in Fmoc solid-phase peptide synthesis." ''Journal of Peptide Science'' 22(1):4–27 (2016). PMID 26785684.</ref> |
| 44 | <ref name="usp1503">United States Pharmacopeia, General Chapter <1503>, ''Quality Attributes of Synthetic Peptide Drug Substances''.</ref> | 49 | <ref name="usp1503">United States Pharmacopeia, General Chapter <1503>, ''Quality Attributes of Synthetic Peptide Drug Substances''.</ref> |
| + | 50 | <ref name="usp621">United States Pharmacopeia, General Chapter <621>, ''Chromatography''.</ref> | |
| 45 | 51 | ||
| 46 | == See also == | 52 | == See also == |