Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 29 → 30·00:31, 7 Jan 2025
Difference between revision 29 and revision 30 of Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. 3 lines changed; the page grew by 626 bytes.
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| 36 | GIP receptors are expressed on pancreatic beta cells, enteroendocrine cells, neural tissue and adipocytes. Beyond the beta cell, GIP inhibits gastric acid secretion and slows gastric emptying. In adipose tissue, GIP promotes triglyceride uptake and storage — a pathway that was hypothesised to mediate the modest weight gain sometimes observed in early GLP-1 monotherapy and is now thought to explain some of the superior weight loss seen with dual agonists, if GIP signal inhibition at the adipocyte level reduces energy storage.{{r|frias2021}} | 36 | GIP receptors are expressed on pancreatic beta cells, enteroendocrine cells, neural tissue and adipocytes. Beyond the beta cell, GIP inhibits gastric acid secretion and slows gastric emptying. In adipose tissue, GIP promotes triglyceride uptake and storage — a pathway that was hypothesised to mediate the modest weight gain sometimes observed in early GLP-1 monotherapy and is now thought to explain some of the superior weight loss seen with dual agonists, if GIP signal inhibition at the adipocyte level reduces energy storage.{{r|frias2021}} |
| 37 | 37 | ||
| + | 38 | == Impaired GIP response in obesity and type 2 diabetes == | |
| + | 39 | In type 2 diabetes, the incretin effect is attenuated primarily because beta cells are unresponsive to GIP — even pharmacological GIP concentrations fail to stimulate insulin secretion, whereas GLP-1-directed drugs remain effective. This loss of GIP potency has been termed ''GIP-incompetence'' and is distinct from deficient GIP secretion, which does not occur. The mechanism remains unclear; current hypotheses include altered receptor expression, impaired downstream signalling and altered beta-cell function secondary to chronic hyperglycaemia.{{r|nauck2019}} | |
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| 38 | == References == | 41 | == References == |
| 39 | {{reflist}} | 42 | {{reflist}} |