Gastric emptying: difference between revisions
Diff·revision 3 → 4·00:42, 1 Sep 2024
Difference between revision 3 and revision 4 of Gastric emptying. 3 lines changed; the page grew by 510 bytes.
| Revision 3 — 00:01, 13 Aug 2024 Peptide_Pete (talk) add the counter-regulatory glucagon point, sourced 2,270 bytes +884 | Revision 4 — 00:42, 1 Sep 2024 AnalyticalAnnie (talk) state that the receptor is a class B G-protein-coupled receptor 2,780 bytes +510 | ||
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| 10 | Delayed emptying is one of the principal actions of [[GLP-1 receptor agonist|GLP-1 receptor agonists]]. It blunts the postprandial glucose excursion by delivering carbohydrate to the absorptive surface more slowly, and it contributes to early satiety through gastric distension. In short-acting agonists it accounts for a substantial part of the postprandial glycaemic effect.{{r|marathe2013}} | 10 | Delayed emptying is one of the principal actions of [[GLP-1 receptor agonist|GLP-1 receptor agonists]]. It blunts the postprandial glucose excursion by delivering carbohydrate to the absorptive surface more slowly, and it contributes to early satiety through gastric distension. In short-acting agonists it accounts for a substantial part of the postprandial glycaemic effect.{{r|marathe2013}} |
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| + | 12 | The delay attenuates with continued exposure to a long-acting agonist — a rare instance of clinically relevant tachyphylaxis in this class — which is why the glycaemic contribution of delayed emptying is larger for short-acting agents such as [[Exenatide|exenatide]] and lixisenatide than for weekly agents.{{r|drucker2018}} | |
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| 12 | == Normal physiology == | 14 | == Normal physiology == |
| 13 | Liquids empty approximately exponentially and rapidly; solids empty after a lag phase during which food is triturated to particles small enough to pass the pylorus, then at an approximately linear rate. A half-emptying time of about 45–90 minutes is usual for a standard solid meal, with wide interindividual variation.{{r|marathe2013}} | 15 | Liquids empty approximately exponentially and rapidly; solids empty after a lag phase during which food is triturated to particles small enough to pass the pylorus, then at an approximately linear rate. A half-emptying time of about 45–90 minutes is usual for a standard solid meal, with wide interindividual variation.{{r|marathe2013}} |
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| 18 | {{reflist}} | 20 | {{reflist}} |
| 19 | <ref name="marathe2013">Marathe CS, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. "Relationships between gastric emptying, postprandial glycemia, and incretin hormones." ''Diabetes Care'' 36(5):1396–1405 (2013). DOI:10.2337/dc12-1609. PMID 23613599.</ref> | 21 | <ref name="marathe2013">Marathe CS, Rayner CK, Jones KL, Horowitz M. "Relationships between gastric emptying, postprandial glycemia, and incretin hormones." ''Diabetes Care'' 36(5):1396–1405 (2013). DOI:10.2337/dc12-1609. PMID 23613599.</ref> |
| + | 22 | <ref name="drucker2018">Drucker DJ. "Mechanisms of action and therapeutic application of glucagon-like peptide-1." ''Cell Metabolism'' 27(4):740–756 (2018). PMID 29617641.</ref> | |
| 20 | <ref name="holst2007">Holst JJ. "The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1." ''Physiological Reviews'' 87(4):1409–1439 (2007). PMID 17928588.</ref> | 23 | <ref name="holst2007">Holst JJ. "The physiology of glucagon-like peptide 1." ''Physiological Reviews'' 87(4):1409–1439 (2007). PMID 17928588.</ref> |
| 21 | 24 |